Nduru ọbara ruby ihe doped Ti3+ Cr3+ maka enyo nche bara nnukwu uru

Nkọwa dị mkpirikpi:

Rubies arụrụ arụ bụ nkume bara nnukwu uru nke toro n'ụlọ nyocha nke yiri ndị ogbo ha n'ihe gbasara nhazi kristal, ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ, ọdịdị na ihe anụ ahụ. Na n'ihi ụzọ dị iche iche nke njikọ (ọkụ na-agbaze, ịdọrọ, njikọ flux, hydrothermal growth) ọnụahịa ahụ dịkwa elu ma dị ala.

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Nkọwa ngwaahịa

Mkpado ngwaahịa

Ewebata Sapphire doped Ti/Cr

N'ime nkume anọ a ghọtara dị oké ọnụ ahịa, ya bụ diamond, rubies, sapphires na emeralds, na mgbakwunye na diamond synthetic, nke a na-erebeghị n'ihu ọha n'ihi nnukwu ọnụ ahịa ha, ihe atọ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị na a ga-arụpụta ya n'ọtụtụ buru ibu. mana nwekwara ọnụ ahịa nrụpụta dị ala karịa ngwaahịa eke, ma erere ya n'ihu ọha n'ahịa. Mmepụta mbụ gara nke ọma bụ nke rubies. A na-egbutukarị ya na nkume bara nnukwu uru ma jiri ya mee ihe dị iche iche mara mma.

Usoro nrụpụta maka ihe ruby

Ruby artificial bụ nkume nkume sịntetik nke mmadụ mere nke nwere ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ yiri nke rubi eke, mana arụpụtara ya n'ụlọ nyocha site na nhazi kemịkalụ. N'okpuru bụ nkọwa ụfọdụ nke usoro nrụpụta, akụrụngwa anụ ahụ na ojiji nke rubies sịntetik:

Usoro mmepụta

Ramens egweri: kristal ruby na-esi na ngwọta mgbaze na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu na ọnọdụ nrụgide dị elu site n'itinye ihe mgbakwunye alumina na adịghị ọcha n'ime ihe ndị aluminom na-ekpo ọkụ na efere quartz na-egweri.

Mkpokọta vapor kemịkalụ: A na-ebuga ngwaahịa mmeghachi omume nke aluminom gaseous na alumina na mkpụrụ n'okpuru oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide, mgbe ahụ, a na-akwalite uto nke otu kristal ruby site na okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị na ntinye gas.

Usoro Hydrate Synthesis: Site n'itinye ọnụ ọgụgụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke aluminom hydroxide na pigment complexes n'okpuru okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide dị elu iji meghachi omume, a na-emepụta hydrate nke nwere ihe ndị na-emepụta ruby na mgbe ahụ, a na-eme ọgwụgwọ hydrothermal iji nweta kristal ruby.