Sapphire, "kpakpando kachasị elu" nke ezinụlọ Corundum, dị ka nwa okorobịa a nụchara anụcha na "akwa uwe na-acha anụnụ anụnụ". Ma mgbe ị zutere ya ọtụtụ ugboro, ị ga-achọpụta na uwe ya abụghị naanị "acha anụnụ anụnụ", ma ọ bụ naanị "acha anụnụ anụnụ". Site na "ọka-acha anụnụ anụnụ" ruo "acha anụnụ anụnụ nke eze", ụdị ọ bụla na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-egbuke egbuke. Mgbe ị na-eche na-acha anụnụ anụnụ bụ a bit monotonous, Ọ ga-egosi gị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, isi awọ, odo, oroma, odo odo, pink na aja aja ọzọ.
Sapphire nke agba dị iche iche
Safaịre
Ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ: Al₂O₃ \ n Agba: Mgbanwe agba nke sapphire bụ nsonaazụ nke ngbanwe nke ihe dị iche iche n'ime lattice ya. Gụnyere agba niile nke ezinụlọ corundum ewezuga ruby. Isi ike: Ike Mohs bụ 9, nke abụọ na diamond. Njupụta: 3.95-4.1 gram kwa cubic centimita \ nBirefractive index: 0.008-0.010 \ n Luster: Ngosipụta ruo ọkara transperent, vitreous luster ruo sub-diamond luster. Mmetụta anya pụrụ iche: Ụfọdụ sapphire nwere mmetụta ìhè kpakpando. Ya bụ, mgbe ịkpụcha na ichicha ihe n'ụdị arc, ezigbo ntinye dị n'ime (dị ka rutile) na-egosipụta ìhè, na-eme ka elu nkume dị elu gosi ụzarị kpakpando isii.
Sapphire Starlight gbara isii
Ebe mmepụta isi
Ebe mmepụta ama ama gụnyere Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Australia, India na akụkụ Africa.
Sapphires sitere na mmalite dị iche iche nwere njirimara dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, sapphires ndị a na-emepụta na Myanmar, Kashmir na mpaghara ndị ọzọ na-eji titanium, na-egosi agba anụnụ anụnụ na-egbuke egbuke, ebe ndị si Australia, Thailand na China na-eji ígwè agba, na-eme ka agba agba ọchịchịrị.
Jenesis nke nkwụnye ego
Nhazi nke sapphire bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya, na-emekarị n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọdịdị ala.
Metamorphic kpatara: Mgbe nkume ndị nwere magnesium bara ụba (dị ka marble) batara na kọntaktị titanium / iron-ọgaranya mmiri, a mụrụ corundum n'okpuru nrụgide nke 6-12kbar na 700-900 ℃. Mmetụta "velvet" gụnyere sapphire Kashmir bụ kpọmkwem "mbinye aka" nke gburugburu ebe a nwere nrụgide dị elu.
Genesis Magmatic: Basaltic magma na-ebu kristal corundum gbawara n'elu, na-eme nkwụnye ego dịka Mogu na Myanmar. Sapphires ebe a na-enwekarị ntinye rutiite, ahaziri n'usoro "ìhè kpakpando".
Mgbakwunye rutile nwere njirimara na Mogok sapphires si Myanmar
Ụdị Pegmatite: Sapphires placer si Sri Lanka bụ "ihe nketa" nke ihu igwe nke pegmatite granitic.
Sri Lankan placer sapphire siri ike nkume
Uru na ojiji
Ojiji na ngwa nke sapphire na-agbasa n'ofe mpaghara dịka ọla, sayensị, agụmakwụkwọ na nka nka.
Uru nkume dị oké ọnụ ahịa: Sapphire na-eto nke ukwuu maka agba ya mara mma, ike siri ike na ogologo oge, a na-ejikarị eme ihe ịchọ mma dị elu dị ka mgbanaka, olu olu, ọla ntị na mgbaaka.
Sapphires nke agba dị iche iche na ion chromic
Ihe atụ pụtara: Sapphire na-anọchi anya iguzosi ike n'ihe, ịdịgidesi ike, obiọma na ịkwụwa aka ọtọ, ma bụrụkwa okwute ọmụmụ maka Septemba na ụbịa.
Ihe eji eme ihe eji eme ihe: Ewezuga eji ya dika nkume di egwu, a na-ejikwa sapphire na-emeputa enyo enyo maka elekere na ihe windo maka ngwa anya n'ihi ike siri ike na nghọta ya.
Sapphire sịntetik
A na-emepụta sapphire sịntetik n'ime ụlọ nyocha, mana kemịkalụ, anya na nke anụ ahụ ya fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nke mineral ndị sitere n'okike.
Akụkọ banyere synthesizing/nhazi sapphire
N'afọ 1045, a na-agwọ nkume corundum gemstones na okpomọkụ nke 1100 Celsius iji wepụ ihe na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nke rubies.
N'afọ 1902, corundum nke mbụ arụpụtara n'ụdị artificial bụ onye France na-ahụ maka ọgwụ Auguste Verneuil (1856-1913) na-eji usoro mgbaze ọkụ na 1902.
N'afọ 1975, geuda sapphire si Sri Lanka na-ekpo ọkụ na okpomọkụ dị elu (1500 ° C +) iji mee ka ọ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ.
N'oge okpomọkụ nke 2003, GIA bipụtara nchọpụta ọhụrụ dị mkpa na mgbasa ozi beryllium na rubies na sapphires.
Okpueze ahụ ọ nwere mmasị pụrụ iche maka sapphire?
Okpueze Austria
Ọkpụkpụ a bụ ọla edo ma jiri pearl, diamond na rubi were tinye ya. N'etiti elu okpueze ahụ bụ sapphire na-adọrọ adọrọ nke ukwuu.
Queen Victoria Sapphire na Diamond Crown
E ji ọla-edo na ọlaọcha mee okpueze ahụ dum, obosara ya dị sentimita iri na otu na ise. Ọ bụ sapphire a kpụrụ akpụ nke nwere ụdị ihe nkuchi 11 na nke egbe ma jiri ola diamond ochie a kpụrụ akpụ na-egbuke egbuke chọọ ya mma. Nke a bụ onyinye Prince Albert nyere Queen ụbọchị tupu agbamakwụkwọ ya na 1840.
Okpueze nke Alaeze Ukwu Britain
Edebere okpueze a na rubies 5, sapphires 17, emeralds 11, pearl 269 na diamond 2,868 nke nha dị iche iche.
Sapphire nke Empress Maria nke Tsarist Russia
Onye na-ese ihe Russia bụ Konstantin Makovsky mere ihe osise Maria n'otu oge. N'ihe osise a, Maria yi uwe mara mma ma yikwa uwe sapphire zuru oke. N'ime ha, ihe olu dị n'ihu olu ya bụ nke kacha adọrọ adọrọ, nke ejiri sapphire oval na-eru 139 carats.
Sapphire mara mma nke ukwuu. Ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịnwe otu. A sị ka e kwuwe, ọnụahịa ahụ nwere ike ịdịgasị iche dabere na agba, idoanya, usoro ịkpụ, ịdị arọ, mmalite na ma ọ dị mma ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị. Biko kpachara anya mgbe ị na-azụrụ ihe. A sị ka e kwuwe, ọ bụ ihe nnọchianya nke "iguzosi ike n'ihe na amamihe". Ekwela ka “ìhè kpakpando” ahụ megharịa gị anya.
XKH'Nkume siri ike nke sapphire sịntetik:
Ihe nlele Sapphire nke XKH:
Oge nzipu: Mee-12-2025